Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to computer systems capable of performing complex tasks that only a human do, such as reasoning, making decisions, or solving problems.

 

Invention of AI

John McCarthy (Father of AI)
John McCarthy is considered as the father of Artificial Intelligence. John McCarthy was an American computer scientist. The term "artificial intelligence" was coined by him. He is one of the founder of artificial intelligence, together with Alan Turing, Marvin Minsky, Allen Newell, and Herbert A.

Alan Turing
Birth of AI: 1950-1956
Alan Turing published his work by name of “Computer Machinery and Intelligence” which eventually became The Turing Test, and then experts used to measure computer intelligence and the term “artificial intelligence” came into popular use.

Uses of AI

 Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the ability of machines to learn, reason, and perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. Here are some ways AI is being used:

• Healthcare: AI is being used to analyze medical data, identify patterns, and make diagnoses, leading to more accurate and personalized care.
• Finance: AI is being used to detect fraud, make investment recommendations, and provide personalized financial advice.
• Manufacturing: AI is being used to optimize production processes, predict equipment failures, and improve product quality.
• Customer Service: AI is being used to provide automated customer service, with chat bots and virtual assistants able to answer customer queries and resolve issues.
• Education: AI is being used to personalize learning experiences, with adaptive learning systems able to tailor content to the individual needs and abilities of students.

Types of AI

Some of these types of AI aren't even scientifically possible right now. According to the current system of classification, there are four primary AI types:
reactive, limited memory, theory of mind, and self-aware.

Reactive AI was a boundless step in the history of artificial intelligence development, but this types of AIs can’t function beyond the tasks they were initially designed for. It makes them inherently limited and ripe for improvement. Scientists developed the next type of AI from this foundation.

Examples

• Spam filters for our email that keep promotions and phishing attempts out of our inboxes
• The Netflix recommendation engine

Limited memory AI learns from the past and builds experiential knowledge by observing actions or data. This type of AI uses historical, observational data in combination with pre-programmed information to make predictions and perform complex classification tasks. It is the most widely-used kind of AI today.

For example, autonomous vehicles use limited memory AI to observe other cars’ speed and direction, helping them “read the road” and adjust as needed. This process for understanding and interpreting incoming data makes them safer on the roads.

However, limited memory AI – as its name suggests – is still limited. The information that autonomous vehicles work with is fleeting, and it is not saved in the car’s long-term memory.

Theory of mind With this type of AI, machines will acquire true decision-making capabilities that are similar to humans. Machines with theory of mind AI will be able to understand and remember emotions, then adjust behavior based on those emotions as they interact with people.

Self-aware AI The most advanced type of artificial intelligence is self-aware AI. When machines can be aware of their own emotions, as well as the emotions of others around them, they will have a level of consciousness and intelligence similar to human beings. This type of AI will have desires, needs, and emotions as well.

 

Examples of AI in everyday life

Face recognition. Most people use the face recognition feature in their Android or iPhone as it is one of the best safety features available on your device.
Smart cars.
Digital assistants.
Entertainment and social apps.
Banking.
Google predictive search algorithm.
E-commerce.

Language used by AI

Python. Although Python was created before AI became crucial to businesses, it's one of the most popular languages for Artificial Intelligence. Python is the most used language for Machine Learning (which lives under the umbrella of AI).

Google as an AI.

Google is an example of artificial intelligence in the sense that it uses AI to power many of its products and services. For example, Google Search uses AI to rank search results, Google Translate uses AI to translate languages, and Google Assistant uses AI to understand and respond to user queries.